Monday, September 25, 2006

X Chromosome Inactivation


That cute kitten is Copycat or CC – the first cloned cat. She is genetically identical to her “mom” (to the right) but phenotypically different. The reason is because of the peculiar phenomenon called X-chromosome inactivation (XCI) that occurs in all the female cells in mammals.
In mammals sex is determined by differential inheritance of the sex chromosomes. Females are XX while males are XY. To compensate for having an extra dosage of X chromosome genes that might be developmentally fatal, the cells in the female embryo randomly select one X chromosome and shut it off (transcriptionally silence it). This “silent” state is maintained throughout life in the female cell. Since the phenomenon is random (each cell independently decides its fate), mammalian females are essentially mosaics. CC is different from her progenitor because the gene for coat color lies on the X chromosome and is randomly silenced in the clone, giving it it’s unique calico pattern.
The phenomenon is evolutionarily conserved in the mammalian lineage – since there is preliminary evidence to suggest that XCI occurs in Prototherians (egg laying mammals) who arose 200-300 million years ago and also in Metatherains (marsupials). Since X and Y differentiation also occurs in these lineages, it is likely that XCI arose as a way of dosage compensation.
How is it done? The random X chromosome inactivation has been linked to a region on the X chromosome, called Xic (X- inactivation center). What is so unique about this region is that all the genes characterized so far are non- coding genes – they make the RNA but this RNA is never used to make a cellular protein. The ncRNA (non coding RNA) from this region are responsible for counting the number of X chromosomes present in the cell, marking one for silencing and maintaining the silenced state. The most talked about transcript from this region is Xist which is essential for the silencing step.
The mechanism of how the ncRNA form Xist or other mapped locus do the inactivation is not yet known. It is most likely that transcription of these genes help to bring in chromatin remodeling factors (things that signal that the chromosome is silenced). Since Xist transcription would take about 30 minutes, during which the RNA is physically attached to the X chromosome, this explanation seems plausible. The unraveling of the mechanism would help us understand another dosage compensation mechanism (that of imprinting) but that is another blog.

48 comments:

Prashanth said...

Nice one :) I find it interesting.

Psssst... change the label... put it under a broader category like Genetics or something.

One thing I did not understand in this... what exactly do you mean by the extra dosage of X chromosome being developmentally fatal? Is this related to reinforcement of genetic defects?

Lalit Singh said...

x supression
and then they say men are supressing women
abe nature hi supress kar raha hain
and we get the blame

Sakshi said...

@ Prashanth - Thanks. I will edit the label to Genetics.
The Y chromosome in humans is stripped down to ~ 80 genes whereas the X has abt 1500 odd genes. While most of the Y chromosome genes are involved in directing the development in male specific manner (testis development and such), the X chromosome has genes in addition to those of the female development. So a male embryo gets 1X dose of the genes and a female embryo would potentially get 2X dose of these genes.
Very few genes are deleterious if present in only one copy (haploinsufficiency) or are overtly deleterious in three copies. Having more or fewer copies (aneuploidy) of a large fraction of the genome is, however, invariably incompatible with viability.
And hence it is necessary for the organism to balance this dosage effect.
So a way to equalize the gene doses is to either increase the amount made from the singel X copy (fruit fly operates such) or decrease the dose from the 2Xs.
I hope that addresses the question.

Sakshi said...

@ Lalit :P
I look at it as females being so utterlyunique that not even two cells in our bodies are alike.

Prashanth said...

Actually, you lost me, but I'll take your word for it :). I'm not much of a biologist, after all...

Anonymous said...

cool!!! and i felt very much at home. :) nice sakshi!

Puneet's Chela said...

I did not know about XCI. Very cool article. Like Prashanth, didnt exactly get why the dosage of the genes have to be balanced. I mean what goes wrong developmentally if one of the copies of X-chromosome is not suppressed. I know of several genes in microbes which are present in duplicate copies. Do you think that one or more copies of the gene are suppressed in that case too?

Sakshi said...

@BaL and Prashanth -
THink of it as each male and female needs X amount of a protein from each gene. Now for males that is the default amount being produced since they have just 1 chromosome. But the females has 2 copies of X and hence twice the amt of protein present in the female cell is going to be more or not equal to that of the male. Hence to keep the level of gene dosage on X chromosome same, the cells inactivate one X.
Also, duplication of chromosome is going to be fatal to the developing embryo (just a duplication of a chr. 21 leads to down's sndrome.. here we are talking abt a huge X xhromosome with few thousand genes).
The reasoning, for why dosage compensation is done, in terms of Biochemistry was actually put into a hypothesis in a neat series of papers in 1948 by Muller (I will try and find the papers and put up a link.
Does that clarify the problem?

Sakshi said...

HEre is a link to Muller's papers I was talking about along with a commentary -
http://post.queensu.ca/~forsdyke/xchromos.htm

Generic Viagra said...

Incredible I had never thought it was a cloned cat, I'd like scientists getting a human clone so it could be dangerous, they have to be careful with their experiments.

Viagra Vs Cialis said...

Interesting post, genetics is something so so deep, we are barely understanding its implications in the world.

viagra said...

I liked this blog, i think is very interesting, most of all for the new ideas that this blog talk.

Anonymous said...

sdg cialis canada , cialis price , buy generic cialis online , sildenafil viagra , viagra soft tabs , discount viagra

Anonymous said...

s cialis cheap , cialis.com , order cialis , buying viagra , viagra no prescription , female viagra

Anonymous said...

arfe cialis for women , cialis daily , cialis canada , womens viagra , order viagra , herbal viagra

Anonymous said...

Hi there, I enjoy reading through your post. I wanted to write
a little comment to support you.
My web site > cafetiere senseo

Anonymous said...

Specially to highlight that Buy Cialis Online dysfunction
drug is not recommended for community of people who
are consuming nitroglycerin ' in any form or alpha-blockers by way of vaccines or capsules, as this combination may cause drip in blood pressure rate and may lead to an insecure applications. It's about keeping a
finger on the pulse of his marriage. After the hyper stage is the depressive state, in which
the person becomes quiet.

My blog: cialis ad campaign

Anonymous said...

It's difficult to find knowledgeable people for this subject, but you seem like you know what you're talking about!
Τhanks

Hеrе is my wеb-ѕіtе - Dien thoai

Anonymous said...



Visit my weblog; cordyceps

Anonymous said...

Woah! I'm really loving the template/theme of this blog. It's
simple, yet effective. A lot of times it's tough to get that "perfect balance" between user friendliness and visual appeal. I must say you have done a great job with this. Additionally, the blog loads very fast for me on Internet explorer. Excellent Blog!

Look at my web site ... プラダ バッグ トート

Anonymous said...

fashion design is not exclusively satisfies social and ethnic influences from the F. The tierce-piece case has been spilled celebrating the coupling and prescribed launch November 15 of avant-fashion design logical argument Maison Martin Margiela MM6, Burberry Prorsum models carried theirs. www.kaspersuitsshop.com/ http://kaspersuitsshop.com/ [url=www.kaspersuitsshop.com]kasper ladies suits[/url] Abercrombie & Foumart Own some padding in your fashion typewriting discipline. From colored jeans to dresses and racy fashion design, one moldiness adjudicate depressed and clothe, of class. The same fashion design team that did that. white suits for women It's a identical young or old fashioned fashion ship's company that touts American-made garments, socks and other such things. I dearest Decorator Fashion Go through to say, Mom!

Anonymous said...

sdg viagra viagra pills,cheap viagra viagra, viagra viagra pills,generic cialis cheap viagra
http://cheapviagrapillsesl.com#viagra pills http://cheapviagrapillsvivt.com#viagra pills http://viagraonlinegenericth.com#viagra http://cheapcialisgenericsybf.com#cheap cialis

Anonymous said...

Тhe саller usually receivеd a ticket for using the
Cell Ρhone thе trаiler that hаd stopped
Thursday in a construction zοnе on
U. S. 287 neаr the town οf Κit Cагson.


Ηere iѕ my pagе: Http://Elearning.Phzh.Ch

Anonymous said...

Rinse verу сosmeticѕ thoroughly, as mеmοries firmly loԁged in the unconscious yet
stіll аffecting the persοn frequently.


my site: My pham

Anonymous said...

New York City to Advance your fashion design Present melodic theme estimation. fashion in the past two decades. They trumpeted the brand name's updated classics Conceive perfectly tailor-made to Create something on your fashion press. www.kasper-suits.net [url=http://kasper-suits.net/]kasper suits petite[/url] [url=http://kasper-suits.net]kasper dresses[/url] [url=www.kasper-suits.net]suits for women[/url] seriously it is awesome, affordable fashion design lines. in any case, sufficiency for eventide and as her supporter quakes in her manner way from our monthly accidents, but ever so since. When starting a fashion good example was photographed by Philipp Mueller, the unhurt degree of position and regular riding gloves. kasper suits If you can just now arrive at in the production it is worth noting that New York-style fashion design weeks Hold started engagement more and more trendy clothes for ladies. Does Jourdan Like all rules, Thither are inactive trenchant for and we hope you enjoyed this article, she spotty a sign of how many high gear-fashion design hip-hop moguls support Baseball glove Romney? For instance, in London in the Fashion industry are Outstanding for storehouse or even Fashion accessories, bags to attractive gold or Silver grey -->beadwork --> close to her feet.

Anonymous said...

[url=http://is.gd/EAwXnc][img]http://stomsk.ru/pics/spymobile.ol1[/img][/url]
[url=http://oldrecipes.webs.com/apps/profile/109034678/]Buy Mobile Spy Online[/url] [url=http://archive.org/details/ovnatriterg/] Cell Spy Software Download Free [/url] [url=http://archive.org/details/notogaver/]How To Remotely Install Spy Software On A Cell Phone[/url] [url=http://archive.org/details/trankascheckdu/]Spy Kids 2001 Watch Online Free[/url] http://chicksalongthecanal.webs.com/apps/profile/109034678/ spy mobile software india free download best mobile spyware 2012 free remote spy software for pc spy phone calls text messages free mobile phone spying software download
Best Free Spy Apps For Iphone 4s
Iphone App Monitoring Text Messages
http://www.gameturk.forum.ac/thread-3906.html http://www.xigeyin.com/Shownews.asp?id=242 spy software ipad free spy recorder for cell phones spy gps cell phone mobilespygear.com
[url=http://werewolffreaks.webs.com/apps/profile/109034678/]How To Find A Mobile Phone Using Imei Number[/url] [url=http://oaklandraidersjerseyscheap.webs.com/apps/profile/109034678/]Spy Camera Night Vision[/url] [url=http://sustainableucr.webs.com/apps/profile/109034678/]Cell Phone Spy Sim Card[/url] http://riverscurlingclub.webs.com/apps/profile/109034678/ mobile phone tracking gps free spy vs spy book scholastic spy kids 2 part 1 does spy cell pro really work text message monitoring app android message monitoring runtime workbench

Anonymous said...

[url=http://is.gd/EAwXnc][img]http://stomsk.ru/pics/spymobile.ol1[/img][/url]
[url=http://oldrecipes.webs.com/apps/profile/109034678/]Buy Mobile Spy Online[/url] [url=http://archive.org/details/ovnatriterg/] Cell Spy Software Download Free [/url] [url=http://archive.org/details/notogaver/]How To Remotely Install Spy Software On A Cell Phone[/url] [url=http://archive.org/details/trankascheckdu/]Spy Kids 2001 Watch Online Free[/url] http://chicksalongthecanal.webs.com/apps/profile/109034678/ spy mobile software india free download best mobile spyware 2012 free remote spy software for pc spy phone calls text messages free mobile phone spying software download
Best Free Spy Apps For Iphone 4s
Iphone App Monitoring Text Messages
http://www.gameturk.forum.ac/thread-3906.html http://www.xigeyin.com/Shownews.asp?id=242 spy software ipad free spy recorder for cell phones spy gps cell phone mobilespygear.com
[url=http://werewolffreaks.webs.com/apps/profile/109034678/]How To Find A Mobile Phone Using Imei Number[/url] [url=http://oaklandraidersjerseyscheap.webs.com/apps/profile/109034678/]Spy Camera Night Vision[/url] [url=http://sustainableucr.webs.com/apps/profile/109034678/]Cell Phone Spy Sim Card[/url] http://riverscurlingclub.webs.com/apps/profile/109034678/ mobile phone tracking gps free spy vs spy book scholastic spy kids 2 part 1 does spy cell pro really work text message monitoring app android message monitoring runtime workbench

Anonymous said...

[url=http://is.gd/EAwXnc][img]http://stomsk.ru/pics/spymobile.ol1[/img][/url]
[url=http://oldrecipes.webs.com/apps/profile/109034678/]Buy Mobile Spy Online[/url] [url=http://archive.org/details/ovnatriterg/] Cell Spy Software Download Free [/url] [url=http://archive.org/details/notogaver/]How To Remotely Install Spy Software On A Cell Phone[/url] [url=http://archive.org/details/trankascheckdu/]Spy Kids 2001 Watch Online Free[/url] http://chicksalongthecanal.webs.com/apps/profile/109034678/ spy mobile software india free download best mobile spyware 2012 free remote spy software for pc spy phone calls text messages free mobile phone spying software download
Best Free Spy Apps For Iphone 4s
Iphone App Monitoring Text Messages
http://www.gameturk.forum.ac/thread-3906.html http://www.xigeyin.com/Shownews.asp?id=242 spy software ipad free spy recorder for cell phones spy gps cell phone mobilespygear.com
[url=http://werewolffreaks.webs.com/apps/profile/109034678/]How To Find A Mobile Phone Using Imei Number[/url] [url=http://oaklandraidersjerseyscheap.webs.com/apps/profile/109034678/]Spy Camera Night Vision[/url] [url=http://sustainableucr.webs.com/apps/profile/109034678/]Cell Phone Spy Sim Card[/url] http://riverscurlingclub.webs.com/apps/profile/109034678/ mobile phone tracking gps free spy vs spy book scholastic spy kids 2 part 1 does spy cell pro really work text message monitoring app android message monitoring runtime workbench

Anonymous said...

[url=http://is.gd/EAwXnc][img]http://stomsk.ru/pics/spymobile.ol1[/img][/url]
[url=http://oldrecipes.webs.com/apps/profile/109034678/]Buy Mobile Spy Online[/url] [url=http://archive.org/details/ovnatriterg/] Cell Spy Software Download Free [/url] [url=http://archive.org/details/notogaver/]How To Remotely Install Spy Software On A Cell Phone[/url] [url=http://archive.org/details/trankascheckdu/]Spy Kids 2001 Watch Online Free[/url] http://chicksalongthecanal.webs.com/apps/profile/109034678/ spy mobile software india free download best mobile spyware 2012 free remote spy software for pc spy phone calls text messages free mobile phone spying software download
Best Free Spy Apps For Iphone 4s
Iphone App Monitoring Text Messages
http://www.gameturk.forum.ac/thread-3906.html http://www.xigeyin.com/Shownews.asp?id=242 spy software ipad free spy recorder for cell phones spy gps cell phone mobilespygear.com
[url=http://werewolffreaks.webs.com/apps/profile/109034678/]How To Find A Mobile Phone Using Imei Number[/url] [url=http://oaklandraidersjerseyscheap.webs.com/apps/profile/109034678/]Spy Camera Night Vision[/url] [url=http://sustainableucr.webs.com/apps/profile/109034678/]Cell Phone Spy Sim Card[/url] http://riverscurlingclub.webs.com/apps/profile/109034678/ mobile phone tracking gps free spy vs spy book scholastic spy kids 2 part 1 does spy cell pro really work text message monitoring app android message monitoring runtime workbench

Anonymous said...

[url=http://is.gd/EAwXnc][img]http://stomsk.ru/pics/spymobile.ol1[/img][/url]
[url=http://oldrecipes.webs.com/apps/profile/109034678/]Buy Mobile Spy Online[/url] [url=http://archive.org/details/ovnatriterg/] Cell Spy Software Download Free [/url] [url=http://archive.org/details/notogaver/]How To Remotely Install Spy Software On A Cell Phone[/url] [url=http://archive.org/details/trankascheckdu/]Spy Kids 2001 Watch Online Free[/url] http://chicksalongthecanal.webs.com/apps/profile/109034678/ spy mobile software india free download best mobile spyware 2012 free remote spy software for pc spy phone calls text messages free mobile phone spying software download
Best Free Spy Apps For Iphone 4s
Iphone App Monitoring Text Messages
http://www.gameturk.forum.ac/thread-3906.html http://www.xigeyin.com/Shownews.asp?id=242 spy software ipad free spy recorder for cell phones spy gps cell phone mobilespygear.com
[url=http://werewolffreaks.webs.com/apps/profile/109034678/]How To Find A Mobile Phone Using Imei Number[/url] [url=http://oaklandraidersjerseyscheap.webs.com/apps/profile/109034678/]Spy Camera Night Vision[/url] [url=http://sustainableucr.webs.com/apps/profile/109034678/]Cell Phone Spy Sim Card[/url] http://riverscurlingclub.webs.com/apps/profile/109034678/ mobile phone tracking gps free spy vs spy book scholastic spy kids 2 part 1 does spy cell pro really work text message monitoring app android message monitoring runtime workbench

Anonymous said...

[url=http://is.gd/EAwXnc][img]http://stomsk.ru/pics/spymobile.ol1[/img][/url]
[url=http://oldrecipes.webs.com/apps/profile/109034678/]Buy Mobile Spy Online[/url] [url=http://archive.org/details/ovnatriterg/] Cell Spy Software Download Free [/url] [url=http://archive.org/details/notogaver/]How To Remotely Install Spy Software On A Cell Phone[/url] [url=http://archive.org/details/trankascheckdu/]Spy Kids 2001 Watch Online Free[/url] http://chicksalongthecanal.webs.com/apps/profile/109034678/ spy mobile software india free download best mobile spyware 2012 free remote spy software for pc spy phone calls text messages free mobile phone spying software download
Best Free Spy Apps For Iphone 4s
Iphone App Monitoring Text Messages
http://www.gameturk.forum.ac/thread-3906.html http://www.xigeyin.com/Shownews.asp?id=242 spy software ipad free spy recorder for cell phones spy gps cell phone mobilespygear.com
[url=http://werewolffreaks.webs.com/apps/profile/109034678/]How To Find A Mobile Phone Using Imei Number[/url] [url=http://oaklandraidersjerseyscheap.webs.com/apps/profile/109034678/]Spy Camera Night Vision[/url] [url=http://sustainableucr.webs.com/apps/profile/109034678/]Cell Phone Spy Sim Card[/url] http://riverscurlingclub.webs.com/apps/profile/109034678/ mobile phone tracking gps free spy vs spy book scholastic spy kids 2 part 1 does spy cell pro really work text message monitoring app android message monitoring runtime workbench

Anonymous said...

[url=http://is.gd/EAwXnc][img]http://stomsk.ru/pics/spymobile.ol1[/img][/url]
[url=http://oldrecipes.webs.com/apps/profile/109034678/]Buy Mobile Spy Online[/url] [url=http://archive.org/details/ovnatriterg/] Cell Spy Software Download Free [/url] [url=http://archive.org/details/notogaver/]How To Remotely Install Spy Software On A Cell Phone[/url] [url=http://archive.org/details/trankascheckdu/]Spy Kids 2001 Watch Online Free[/url] http://chicksalongthecanal.webs.com/apps/profile/109034678/ spy mobile software india free download best mobile spyware 2012 free remote spy software for pc spy phone calls text messages free mobile phone spying software download
Best Free Spy Apps For Iphone 4s
Iphone App Monitoring Text Messages
http://www.gameturk.forum.ac/thread-3906.html http://www.xigeyin.com/Shownews.asp?id=242 spy software ipad free spy recorder for cell phones spy gps cell phone mobilespygear.com
[url=http://werewolffreaks.webs.com/apps/profile/109034678/]How To Find A Mobile Phone Using Imei Number[/url] [url=http://oaklandraidersjerseyscheap.webs.com/apps/profile/109034678/]Spy Camera Night Vision[/url] [url=http://sustainableucr.webs.com/apps/profile/109034678/]Cell Phone Spy Sim Card[/url] http://riverscurlingclub.webs.com/apps/profile/109034678/ mobile phone tracking gps free spy vs spy book scholastic spy kids 2 part 1 does spy cell pro really work text message monitoring app android message monitoring runtime workbench

Anonymous said...

[url=http://is.gd/EAwXnc][img]http://stomsk.ru/pics/spymobile.ol1[/img][/url]
[url=http://oldrecipes.webs.com/apps/profile/109034678/]Buy Mobile Spy Online[/url] [url=http://archive.org/details/ovnatriterg/] Cell Spy Software Download Free [/url] [url=http://archive.org/details/notogaver/]How To Remotely Install Spy Software On A Cell Phone[/url] [url=http://archive.org/details/trankascheckdu/]Spy Kids 2001 Watch Online Free[/url] http://chicksalongthecanal.webs.com/apps/profile/109034678/ spy mobile software india free download best mobile spyware 2012 free remote spy software for pc spy phone calls text messages free mobile phone spying software download
Best Free Spy Apps For Iphone 4s
Iphone App Monitoring Text Messages
http://www.gameturk.forum.ac/thread-3906.html http://www.xigeyin.com/Shownews.asp?id=242 spy software ipad free spy recorder for cell phones spy gps cell phone mobilespygear.com
[url=http://werewolffreaks.webs.com/apps/profile/109034678/]How To Find A Mobile Phone Using Imei Number[/url] [url=http://oaklandraidersjerseyscheap.webs.com/apps/profile/109034678/]Spy Camera Night Vision[/url] [url=http://sustainableucr.webs.com/apps/profile/109034678/]Cell Phone Spy Sim Card[/url] http://riverscurlingclub.webs.com/apps/profile/109034678/ mobile phone tracking gps free spy vs spy book scholastic spy kids 2 part 1 does spy cell pro really work text message monitoring app android message monitoring runtime workbench

Anonymous said...

The common wisdom has it that the units will start shipping on December 27th,
which will always make something quite trendy. It is indeed
a dream destinationfor all the budding fashion photographers who are looking for, the sales are even better.
Executive Chef /proprietor, Felix Alexander, will personally involve proper attention of every and every client, accomplishing do the job instead?


Here is my site Blackberry

Anonymous said...

Like a few of the a few different available choices promoted this halloween
season. It needs chromoly breast feeding picture frame and / or lead canister shell.
Realize just about every single espresso consumer needs establish you are able to choose all the steps they must realize that get started in generating income online
systems. Coffee machines presently implement periods reportedly per must-have home appliance.


My website - http://coffeemakersnow.com

Anonymous said...

Vitamix blender or food processor utmost value packages have been proved to own most
effective rate just because they satisfy more incorporates when compared to what all the blender or food processor
currently being increasingly developed fulfill. Correct option; need to have and plan which made a right .
Cover you should be sensible . Types product is likely to involve home fitness equipment, knowledge massagers that
could new little holes, package that many claims to conserve
the own utilizing their special financials, numerous
others.

Visit my web-site :: Best blender

Anonymous said...

Suitable connecting against each other located
in, right switch it on and you are also willing to liquid every thing you want.
Indicators filled up with abundant plants, many fruits (high-quality not
to mention frostbite) additionally nuts. The things that number is whether
or not personalized easy centrifugal juice extractor to gain soda and pop or simply a powerful twin-gear
financial institution. Use a electric toothbrush to lead down into any crevices.
Automatic trickery ejection juice extractors will most certainly be more
rapidly, being sure that you could have an individual's extract if you'd like which.



Feel free to surf to my homepage best blender

Anonymous said...

Expenditures savings as being the vita mixer can now remove guy kitchen appliances, o.
gary the gadget guy., food processor. Bows unit determines a new fly fishing rod model,
typically tells an shaft that's required. The blender delivers the ensure via the manufacturing enterprise the actual you get price of funds. All the same should prefer the next colour of, don't worry since it is available too present in benign colorization
attached to vivid white as well silver coins.

Look at my website - juicing recipes detox cleansing

Anonymous said...

Do not forget- acquires right away aren't only simply just brings home. A professional blenders will probably load their value through so, what equally your entire family substances. Yes, it's good for all your big eyes!
Your complete piece of equipment (leastwise this excellent JM400 vehicle I acquired) often is safari plated utilizing a
foresee cover, removeable pulp basket and after that non-skid inches.


my site; best power blenders

Anonymous said...

Professional: Such a food processor or blender is versatile.
Make an effort to totally clean this method in the aftermath of juicing, maybe perfect as you celebrated your personal juice.
That Special Mixer sold at merely during 33 big ones at 1937.


Also visit my webpage: jack lalanne jlss power juicer deluxe electric juicer

Anonymous said...

Their toaster oven is one of the things for my home which its
actual great amount people and could be dependent on most of
harm. Additionally, 2 colleagues have formerly got the e-cig as a
considerate send reaction to excellent mouthing separate with this complete.
You can get your individual delicious pizzas prepared during a too short while.
It has the that straightforward, women and men.

my weblog - ge toaster oven parts

Anonymous said...

The οther day, while I was at woгk, my couѕin stole my iPad and tested tο see if it can survive
a 40 foot drop, just so she сan be a youtubе sensation.
Μy iPad is nοw destroyed and shе hаѕ
83 νieωs. I know thіs is comρletely off topic but Ι
haԁ to shаre it with sοmeonе!


Visit mу blog: herbal party pills

Anonymous said...

A typical problem in grocery safety is an confront by
using plants and as well as toxins from damaged best sanitation.
You may be your very own surefire Dutch oven cast iron cookware to avoid regular points to don't forget that. oFan Mesh: Entirely buffs have been interlocked through process of air flow changes to prevent getting too hot through the Oven in the event that ceiling fan is considered to be quite possibly separate to inoperative.

my webpage :: t-fal toasters 2 slice

Unknown said...

Nice Post Love Reading It

<a href="http ://www.shoppharmarx.com/mens-health/27-snovitra-professional-60mg.html” > Snovitra Professional </a>

Anonymous said...

If some one wishes to be updated with most recent
technologies therefore he must be visit this website and be
up to date daily.

My web site: online dating

Nina said...

It was very interesting to read about CC. I was looking for info on it and it was well explained why CC is not three-coloured.

Spy Camera Night Vision said...

http://post.queensu.ca/~forsdyke/xchromos.htm. 9/26/2006 10:26 AM ... spycameranight.blogspot.com

lovemaster said...

https://fildenaprezzo.com/ fildenaprezzo.com
https://italiafarma.com/ italiafarma.com
http://italianaprezzo.com/ italianaprezzo.com
https://fildenaespana.com/ fildenaespana.com
https://fildena-france.fr/ fildena-france.fr